---
title: In 2011, the parliament passed a law establishing special economic z… — Kigali · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2011, the parliament passed a law establishing special economic zones in Rwanda, the first of which was established in 2014 on Masoro Hill in Gasabo district, close to Kigali International Airport. Who acts: parliament, law. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kigali» with its dependency tree and pragmati
---

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# Kigali, sentence 180

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From Wikipedia, [«Kigali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2011, the parliament passed a law establishing special economic zones in Rwanda, the first of which was established in 2014 on Masoro Hill in Gasabo district, close to Kigali International Airport.

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**Who acts:** parliament, law · **What happens:** pass, establish · **To what, where:** law, 2011, special economic zones, Rwanda, 2014

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parliament, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kigali:180
# text = In 2011, the parliament passed a law establishing special economic zones in Rwanda, the first of which was established in 2014 on Masoro Hill in Gasabo district, close to Kigali International Airport.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2011	2011	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	parliament	parliament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	establishing	establish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	economic	economic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	zones	zone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Rwanda	Rwanda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	first	first	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obl	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Masoro	Masoro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	Hill	Hill	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	Gasabo	Gasabo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	district	district	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	Kigali	Kigali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
34	International	International	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	Airport	Airport	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | the parliament | a law |  | 2011 |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent law=Theme in 2011=Destination |
| 2 | **establish** | gerund | a law *not said here* | special economic zones |  | Rwanda |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent zone=Patient |
| 3 | **establish** | past · passive |  |  |  | 2014 |  | of the first; on Masoro Hill; in Gasabo district | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: on hill=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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