---
title: Cassava leaves are often combined with onions and other ingredients… — Kigali · tree and pragmatics
description: Cassava leaves are often combined with onions and other ingredients to make a stew dish known as isombe. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kigali» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kigali, sentence 261

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From Wikipedia, [«Kigali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Cassava leaves are often combined with onions and other ingredients to make a stew dish known as isombe.

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**What happens:** combine, make, know · **To what, where:** Cassava leaves, stew dish

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kigali:261
# text = Cassava leaves are often combined with onions and other ingredients to make a stew dish known as isombe.
1	Cassava	cassava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	combined	combine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	onions	onion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ingredients	ingredient	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	stew	stew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	isombe	isombe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **combine** | present · passive |  | Cassava leaves |  |  |  | with onions and other ingredients; often *property* | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with onion=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a stew dish |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dish=Product |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  | a stew dish *not said here* |  |  |  | as isombe | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as isombe=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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