---
title: Some travellers began using the Rusomo Falls border crossing to reac… — Kigali · tree and pragmatics
description: Some travellers began using the Rusomo Falls border crossing to reach Kampala via Tanzania, a much longer journey. as of 2020 Rwanda has no railways, but the government has agreed with Tanzania to construct a standard-gauge railway linking Kigali to Isaka, where passengers could connect with either 
---

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# Kigali, sentence 317

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From Wikipedia, [«Kigali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kigali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Some travellers began using the Rusomo Falls border crossing to reach Kampala via Tanzania, a much longer journey. as of 2020 Rwanda has no railways, but the government has agreed with Tanzania to construct a standard-gauge railway linking Kigali to Isaka, where passengers could connect with either the Central Line or with the future Tanzania Standard Gauge Railway, to reach Dar es Salaam.

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**Who acts:** travellers, Rwanda, government, standard gauge railway, passengers · **What happens:** begin, use, reach, have, agree, construct · **To what, where:** Falls border crossing, Kampala, 2020, standard gauge railway, Kigali, Isaka

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kigali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (travellers, Rwanda, government, standard gauge railway), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kigali:317
# text = Some travellers began using the Rusomo Falls border crossing to reach Kampala via Tanzania, a much longer journey. as of 2020 Rwanda has no railways, but the government has agreed with Tanzania to construct a standard-gauge railway linking Kigali to Isaka, where passengers could connect with either the Central Line or with the future Tanzania Standard Gauge Railway, to reach Dar es Salaam.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	Rusomo	Rusomo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Falls	Falls	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
8	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
12	Kampala	Kampala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	via	via	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Tanzania	Tanzania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	much	much	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	amod	_	_
19	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
21	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	2020	2020	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	25	obl	_	_
24	Rwanda	Rwanda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
26	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	27	det	_	_
27	railways	railway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
32	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	agreed	agree	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Tanzania	Tanzania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	construct	construct	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
39	standard	standard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	gauge	gauge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	_
42	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
43	linking	link	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	42	acl	_	_
44	Kigali	Kigali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	_
45	to	to	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	Isaka	Isaka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
48	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	51	advmod	_	_
49	passengers	passenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	nsubj	_	_
50	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
51	connect	connect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	parataxis	_	_
52	with	with	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
53	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc:preconj	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
55	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	56	compound	_	_
56	Line	Line	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	_
57	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
58	with	with	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	conj	_	_
61	Tanzania	Tanzania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	62	compound	_	_
62	Standard	Standard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	63	compound	_	_
63	Gauge	Gauge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	64	compound	_	_
64	Railway	Railway	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	56	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
66	to	to	PART	TO	_	67	mark	_	_
67	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	conj	_	_
68	Dar	Dar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	69	compound	_	_
69	es	e	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	67	obj	_	_
70	Salaam	Salaam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	69	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | some travellers |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | some travellers *not said here* | the Falls border crossing |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crossing=Patient |
| 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | some travellers *not said here* | Kampala |  |  |  | via Tanzania | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent kampala=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | Rwanda | 2020 |  |  |  | no railways *obj* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent railway=Patient |
| 5 | **agree** *speech: agree* | present · perfect | the government |  |  |  |  | with Tanzania | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S\_INF»: agent=Agent with tanzania=Co-Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **construct** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the government *not said here* | a standard gauge railway |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent railway=Result |
| 7 | **link** | gerund | a standard gauge railway *not said here* | Kigali | Isaka |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent kigali=Patient to isaka=Co-Patient |
| 8 | **connect** | could | passengers |  |  |  |  | with the Central Line or the future and Gauge Railway | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with line=Co-Patient |
| 9 | **reach** | to-infinitive | passengers *not said here* | Dar es |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent e=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kigali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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