--- title: Kinshasa borders the Mai-Ndombe, Kwilu, and Kwango Provinces to the… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics description: Kinshasa borders the Mai-Ndombe, Kwilu, and Kwango Provinces to the east; the Congo River delineates its western and northern perimeters, constituting a natural border with the Republic of the Congo; to the south lies the Kongo Central Province. Who acts: Congo River. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kins --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Kinshasa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/) / 11 # Kinshasa, sentence 11 From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Kinshasa borders the Mai-Ndombe, Kwilu, and Kwango Provinces to the east; the Congo River delineates its western and northern perimeters, constituting a natural border with the Republic of the Congo; to the south lies the Kongo Central Province. **Who acts:** Congo River · **What happens:** delineate, constitute, lie · **To what, where:** western perimeters, natural border, Kongo Central Province, Kinshasa borders This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Congo River), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:11 # text = Kinshasa borders the Mai-Ndombe, Kwilu, and Kwango Provinces to the east; the Congo River delineates its western and northern perimeters, constituting a natural border with the Republic of the Congo; to the south lies the Kongo Central Province. 1 Kinshasa Kinshasa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 borders border NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 4 Mai Mai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 Ndombe Ndombe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Kwilu Kwilu PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 Kwango Kwango PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Provinces province NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 appos _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 east east NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 Congo Congo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 River River PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 delineates delineate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 21 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 22 western western ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 northern northern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 conj _ _ 25 perimeters perimeter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 constituting constitute VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 advcl _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 border border NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 Republic Republic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 Congo Congo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 37 ; ; PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 41 lies lie VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 43 Kongo Kongo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 compound _ _ 44 Central Central ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 Province Province PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **delineate** | present | the Congo River | River's western perimeters | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent perimeter=Patient | | 2 | **constitute** | gerund | the Congo River *not said here* | a natural border | | | | with the Republic of the Congo | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme border=Pivot | | 3 | **lie** | present | the Congo River *not said here* | the Kongo Central Province | | | | to the south | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location province=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/10/) - next →: [sentence 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/12/) - ↑ back to [Kinshasa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/)