---
title: AFDL and RPA forces carried out extrajudicial killings, acts of tort… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: AFDL and RPA forces carried out extrajudicial killings, acts of torture, rape, and targeted former regime officials as well as members of the elite Special Presidential Division (DSP). Who acts: AFDL forces, torture. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 111

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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AFDL and RPA forces carried out extrajudicial killings, acts of torture, rape, and targeted former regime officials as well as members of the elite Special Presidential Division (DSP).

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**Who acts:** AFDL forces, torture · **What happens:** carry out, target, act · **To what, where:** extrajudicial killings

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (AFDL forces, torture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:111
# text = AFDL and RPA forces carried out extrajudicial killings, acts of torture, rape, and targeted former regime officials as well as members of the elite Special Presidential Division (DSP).
1	AFDL	AFDL	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	RPA	RPA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	extrajudicial	extrajudicial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	killings	killing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	torture	torture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	rape	rape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	targeted	target	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
18	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	regime	regime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	officials	official	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:agent	_	_
21	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	24	cc	_	_
22	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	21	fixed	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
24	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
27	elite	elite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
28	Special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
29	Presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	Division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
31	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	DSP	DSP	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry out** | past | AFDL forces | extrajudicial killings and acts of torture and rape |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent killing=Eventuality |
| 2 | **target** | participle | AFDL forces *not said here* |  |  |  |  | former regime officials *obl:agent*; members of the elite Special Presidential Division *conj* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **act** |  | torture and rape |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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