---
title: It comprises stony blocks of soft sandstone and silica-covered yello… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: It comprises stony blocks of soft sandstone and silica-covered yellow clay, topped with brown silt, and ranges from 10 to 25 meters in height. Who acts: plain, ranges. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 177

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It comprises stony blocks of soft sandstone and silica-covered yellow clay, topped with brown silt, and ranges from 10 to 25 meters in height.

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**Who acts:** plain, ranges · **What happens:** comprise, cover, top, meter · **To what, where:** stony blocks, covered yellow clay, height

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plain, ranges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:177
# text = It comprises stony blocks of soft sandstone and silica-covered yellow clay, topped with brown silt, and ranges from 10 to 25 meters in height.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	stony	stony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sandstone	sandstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	silica	silica	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
12	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	topped	top	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	silt	silt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	ranges	range	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	nmod	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	23	nmod	_	_
26	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | plain | stony blocks of soft sandstone and covered yellow clay |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme block=Pivot |
| 2 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | silica *compound* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **top** | participle |  | covered yellow clay *not said here* |  |  |  | with brown silt | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with silt=Theme |
| 4 | **meter** |  | ranges from 10 to 25 |  |  | height |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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