---
title: The hilly zones of the region were originally dominated by grassland… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: The hilly zones of the region were originally dominated by grassland species, notably Loudetia demeusei and Schizachyrium semiberbe, which are characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes. Who acts: grassland species, Loudetia. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 219

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The hilly zones of the region were originally dominated by grassland species, notably Loudetia demeusei and Schizachyrium semiberbe, which are characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes.

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**Who acts:** grassland species, Loudetia · **What happens:** dominate, tuft, be · **To what, where:** hilly zones, characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grassland species, Loudetia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:219
# text = The hilly zones of the region were originally dominated by grassland species, notably Loudetia demeusei and Schizachyrium semiberbe, which are characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hilly	hilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	zones	zone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	originally	originally	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	dominated	dominate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	grassland	grassland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	notably	notably	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	Loudetia	Loudetia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	demeusei	demeusei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	Schizachyrium	Schizachyrium	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	semiberbe	semiberbe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	characteristic	characteristic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	tufted	tuft	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	hemicryptophytes	hemicryptophyte	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dominate** | past · passive | grassland species  Loudetia and Schizachyrium semiberbe and characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes | the hilly zones of the region |  |  |  | originally *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **tuft** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Loudetia and Schizachyrium semiberbe and characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes | characteristic tufted hemicryptophytes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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