---
title: It was during this era that Kinshasa earned the affectionate moniker… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: It was during this era that Kinshasa earned the affectionate monikers Kin la belle, Kin-Kiese, and Kin la joie. Who acts: activity, Kinshasa. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 365

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It was during this era that Kinshasa earned the affectionate monikers Kin la belle, Kin-Kiese, and Kin la joie.

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**Who acts:** activity, Kinshasa · **What happens:** be, earn · **To what, where:** affectionate monikers

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (activity, Kinshasa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:365
# text = It was during this era that Kinshasa earned the affectionate monikers Kin la belle, Kin-Kiese, and Kin la joie.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	during	during	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	Kinshasa	Kinshasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	earned	earn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	affectionate	affectionate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	monikers	moniker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
12	Kin	Kin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
13	la	la	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	belle	belle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Kin	Kin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Kiese	Kiese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	Kin	Kin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	la	la	X	GW	_	8	obj	_	_
23	joie	joie	X	NN	_	22	goeswith	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | activity |  |  |  | during this era |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **earn** | past | Kinshasa | the affectionate monikers |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent moniker=Beneficiary la=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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