---
title: The completion of the Matadi–Kinshasa portage railway, in 1898, prov… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: The completion of the Matadi–Kinshasa portage railway, in 1898, provided an alternative route around the rapids and sparked the rapid development of Léopoldville. Who acts: completion. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 41

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The completion of the Matadi–Kinshasa portage railway, in 1898, provided an alternative route around the rapids and sparked the rapid development of Léopoldville.

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**Who acts:** completion · **What happens:** provide, spark, complete, develop · **To what, where:** alternative route, rapids, rapid development, Kinshasa portage railway, Léopoldville

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (completion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:41
# text = The completion of the Matadi–Kinshasa portage railway, in 1898, provided an alternative route around the rapids and sparked the rapid development of Léopoldville.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	completion	completion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	Matadi	Matadi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	–	–	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Kinshasa	Kinshasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	portage	portage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	railway	railway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1898	1898	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	alternative	alternative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	route	route	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	around	around	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rapids	rapid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	sparked	spark	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Léopoldville	Léopoldville	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | past | the completion of the Kinshasa portage railway | a alternative route |  | the rapids |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition route=Theme |
| 2 | **spark** | past | the completion of the Kinshasa portage railway *not said here* | the rapid development of Léopoldville |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition development=Patient |
| 3 | **complete** |  |  | the Kinshasa portage railway |  |  |  |  | nom completion «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **develop** |  |  | Léopoldville |  |  |  |  | nom development «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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