--- title: The city was demarcated into two zones: the urban zone, comprising L… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics description: The city was demarcated into two zones: the urban zone, comprising Léo II, Léo-Ouest, Kalina, Léo-I, or Léo-Est, and Ndolo; and the indigenous zone to the south. Who acts: urban zone. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/51/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Kinshasa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/) / 51 # Kinshasa, sentence 51 From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. The city was demarcated into two zones: the urban zone, comprising Léo II, Léo-Ouest, Kalina, Léo-I, or Léo-Est, and Ndolo; and the indigenous zone to the south. **Who acts:** urban zone · **What happens:** demarcate, comprise · **To what, where:** city, two zones, Léo This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (urban zone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:51 # text = The city was demarcated into two zones: the urban zone, comprising Léo II, Léo-Ouest, Kalina, Léo-I, or Léo-Est, and Ndolo; and the indigenous zone to the south. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 demarcated demarcate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 into into ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 zones zone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 urban urban ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 zone zone NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 comprising comprise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 11 acl _ _ 14 Léo Léo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 15 II II NUM CD NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 14 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 Léo Léo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 18 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 19 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 Ouest Ouest PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Kalina Kalina PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 Léo Léo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 or or CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 28 Léo Léo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 Est Est PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 Ndolo Ndolo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 indigenous indigenous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 zone zone NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **demarcate** | past · passive | | the city | | two zones | | the urban zone *obl*; the indigenous zone to the south *obl* | tree rules | | 2 | **comprise** | gerund | the urban zone *not said here* | Léo I and Ouest and Kalina and Léo or Léo Est and Ndolo | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme léo=Pivot | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/50/) - next →: [sentence 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/52/) - ↑ back to [Kinshasa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Kinshasa/)