---
title: The urban center expanded as surrounding villages grew, drawn by the… — Kinshasa · tree and pragmatics
description: The urban center expanded as surrounding villages grew, drawn by the prospects of employment and commerce. Who acts: urban center. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kinshasa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kinshasa, sentence 75

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From Wikipedia, [«Kinshasa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinshasa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The urban center expanded as surrounding villages grew, drawn by the prospects of employment and commerce.

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**Who acts:** urban center · **What happens:** expand, surround, grow, draw, prospect · **To what, where:** urban center, employment

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kinshasa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (urban center), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kinshasa:75
# text = The urban center expanded as surrounding villages grew, drawn by the prospects of employment and commerce.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	center	center	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	expanded	expand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	surrounding	surround	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	parataxis	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	prospects	prospect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	employment	employment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	commerce	commerce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | participle |  | the urban center *not said here* |  |  |  | as surrounding villages | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **surround** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **grow** | past | the urban center |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **draw** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the prospects of employment and commerce | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **prospect** |  |  | employment and commerce |  |  |  |  | nom prospect «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kinshasa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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