---
title: Roots dating to the 5th century BC have been found in paintings on s… — Kosovo · tree and pragmatics
description: Roots dating to the 5th century BC have been found in paintings on stones of singers with instruments. Who acts: Roots. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kosovo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kosovo, sentence 531

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From Wikipedia, [«Kosovo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Roots dating to the 5th century BC have been found in paintings on stones of singers with instruments.

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**Who acts:** Roots · **What happens:** date, find · **To what, where:** BC, Roots, paintings

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kosovo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kosovo:531
# text = Roots dating to the 5th century BC have been found in paintings on stones of singers with instruments.
1	Roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	dating	date	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	5th	5th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	BC	BC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	paintings	painting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	singers	singer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	instruments	instrument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **date** | gerund | Roots *not said here* | BC |  |  | century |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **find** | present · perfect · passive |  | Roots |  | paintings on stones of singers with instruments |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kosovo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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