---
title: Combating serious crimes in postconflict societies: A handbook for p… — Kosovo · tree and pragmatics
description: Combating serious crimes in postconflict societies: A handbook for policymakers and practitioners". A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kosovo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kosovo, sentence 611

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From Wikipedia, [«Kosovo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Combating serious crimes in postconflict societies: A handbook for policymakers and practitioners".

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**What happens:** combat · **To what, where:** serious crimes, postconflict societies

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kosovo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kosovo:611
# text = Combating serious crimes in postconflict societies: A handbook for policymakers and practitioners".
1	Combating	combat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	crimes	crime	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	postconflict	postconflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	societies	society	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	handbook	handbook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	policymakers	policymaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	practitioners	practitioner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **combat** | gerund |  | serious crimes |  | postconflict societies |  | a handbook for policymakers and practitioners *obl* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crime=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kosovo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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