---
title: The first clear mention of Christians in literature is the case of B… — Kosovo · tree and pragmatics
description: The first clear mention of Christians in literature is the case of Bishop Dacus of Macedonia, from Dardania, who was present at the First Council of Nicaea (325). Who acts: first clear mention, case. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kosovo» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kosovo, sentence 69

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From Wikipedia, [«Kosovo»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The first clear mention of Christians in literature is the case of Bishop Dacus of Macedonia, from Dardania, who was present at the First Council of Nicaea (325).

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**Who acts:** first clear mention, case · **What happens:** be, mention · **To what, where:** case, First Council, Christians, literature

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kosovo». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first clear mention, case), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kosovo:69
# text = The first clear mention of Christians in literature is the case of Bishop Dacus of Macedonia, from Dardania, who was present at the First Council of Nicaea (325).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
3	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	mention	mention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Bishop	Bishop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	Dacus	Dacus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Macedonia	Macedonia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Dardania	Dardania	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	parataxis	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	First	First	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	27	amod	_	_
27	Council	Council	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Nicaea	Nicaea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	325	325	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the first clear mention of Christians in literature | the case |  |  |  | of Bishop and Dardania | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the case |  |  | the First Council of Nicaea |  | present *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mention** |  |  | Christians |  | literature |  |  | nom mention «communication transitive»: of=patient in=place |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kosovo», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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