---
title: In the latter half of the eighteenth century, Kuwait began establish… — Kuwait · tree and pragmatics
description: In the latter half of the eighteenth century, Kuwait began establishing itself as a maritime port and gradually became a principal commercial center for the transit of goods between Baghdad, India, Persia, Muscat, and the Arabian Peninsula. Who acts: Kuwait. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kuwait» with i
---

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# Kuwait, sentence 63

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From Wikipedia, [«Kuwait»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwait), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the latter half of the eighteenth century, Kuwait began establishing itself as a maritime port and gradually became a principal commercial center for the transit of goods between Baghdad, India, Persia, Muscat, and the Arabian Peninsula.

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**Who acts:** Kuwait · **What happens:** begin, establish, become · **To what, where:** latter half, half, principal commercial center

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kuwait». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kuwait), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kuwait:63
# text = In the latter half of the eighteenth century, Kuwait began establishing itself as a maritime port and gradually became a principal commercial center for the transit of goods between Baghdad, India, Persia, Muscat, and the Arabian Peninsula.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	11	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	eighteenth	eighteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	Kuwait	Kuwait	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	establishing	establish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
13	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	maritime	maritime	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	gradually	gradually	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	commercial	commercial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	center	center	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	xcomp	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	transit	transit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	27	nmod	_	_
30	between	between	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Baghdad	Baghdad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	Muscat	Muscat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
41	Arabian	Arabian	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	Peninsula	Peninsula	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Kuwait |  |  | the latter half of the eighteenth century |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **establish** | gerund | Kuwait *not said here* | half |  |  |  | as a maritime port | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient |
| 3 | **become** | past | Kuwait *not said here* | a principal commercial center for the transit of goods between Baghdad and India and Persia and Muscat |  |  |  | the Arabian Peninsula *obl*; gradually *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kuwait», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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