---
title: Between 1146 and 1246 the city changed hands 47 times, being ruled b… — Kyiv · tree and pragmatics
description: Between 1146 and 1246 the city changed hands 47 times, being ruled by 24 princes, and in 35 cases their tenure lasted less than a year. Who acts: city, 24 princes, 35 cases. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Kyiv» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Kyiv, sentence 69

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From Wikipedia, [«Kyiv»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyiv), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Between 1146 and 1246 the city changed hands 47 times, being ruled by 24 princes, and in 35 cases their tenure lasted less than a year.

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**Who acts:** city, 24 princes, 35 cases · **What happens:** change, rule, last · **To what, where:** hands, less

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Kyiv». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, 24 princes, 35 cases), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Kyiv:69
# text = Between 1146 and 1246 the city changed hands 47 times, being ruled by 24 princes, and in 35 cases their tenure lasted less than a year.
1	Between	between	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1146	1146	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	1246	1246	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	47	47	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	35	35	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	tenure	tenure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
25	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	24	obj	_	_
26	than	than	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the city | hands and 47 times |  |  |  | between 1146 | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **rule** | gerund · passive | 24 princes |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **last** | past | 35 cases  princes's tenure | less than a year |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme less=Value |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Kyiv», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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