---
title: Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped more than 2 million tons of bo… — Laos · tree and pragmatics
description: Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped more than 2 million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly as much as all the bombs dropped during World War II combined (American bombers dropped 2.1 million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia during World War II). Who acts: US, bombs, American bombers. A sentence of Wiki
---

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# Laos, sentence 86

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From Wikipedia, [«Laos»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped more than 2 million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly as much as all the bombs dropped during World War II combined (American bombers dropped 2.1 million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia during World War II).

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**Who acts:** US, bombs, American bombers · **What happens:** drop, combine · **To what, where:** million tons, Laos

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Laos». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (US, bombs, American bombers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Laos:86
# text = Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped more than 2 million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly as much as all the bombs dropped during World War II combined (American bombers dropped 2.1 million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia during World War II).
1	Between	between	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1964	1964	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	1973	1973	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	12	advmod	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	compound	_	_
12	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	tons	ton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	bombs	bomb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Laos	Laos	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	as	as	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
22	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	bombs	bomb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
27	during	during	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
30	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	29	flat	_	_
31	combined	combine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
32	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	bombers	bomber	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	_
35	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	parataxis	_	_
36	2.1	2.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	37	compound	_	_
37	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	38	nummod	_	_
38	tons	ton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	bombs	bomb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nmod	_	_
41	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	conj	_	_
45	during	during	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	_
47	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
48	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	47	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | the US | million tons of bombs |  | Laos |  | between 1964 | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent ton=Theme between 1964=Destination on laos=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **drop** | past | all bombs |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **combine** | past | all bombs *not said here* |  |  |  | during World War |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **drop** | past | American bombers | million tons of bombs on Europe and Asia |  |  | during World War |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Laos», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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