---
title: Latvia's de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of Worl… — Latvia · tree and pragmatics
description: Latvia's de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II, beginning with forcible incorporation into the Soviet Union, followed by the invasion and occupation by Nazi Germany in 1941 and the re-occupation by the Soviets in 1944, which formed the Latvian SSR for the next 45 years.
---

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# Latvia, sentence 10

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From Wikipedia, [«Latvia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Latvia's de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II, beginning with forcible incorporation into the Soviet Union, followed by the invasion and occupation by Nazi Germany in 1941 and the re-occupation by the Soviets in 1944, which formed the Latvian SSR for the next 45 years.

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**Who acts:** Nazi Germany · **What happens:** interrupt, begin, follow, form · **To what, where:** Latvia facto independence, outset, Soviet Union, Latvian SSR

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Latvia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nazi Germany), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Latvia:10
# text = Latvia's de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II, beginning with forcible incorporation into the Soviet Union, followed by the invasion and occupation by Nazi Germany in 1941 and the re-occupation by the Soviets in 1944, which formed the Latvian SSR for the next 45 years.
1	Latvia	Latvia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	de	de	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	flat	_	_
4	facto	facto	X	FW	_	5	compound	_	_
5	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	interrupted	interrupt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	outset	outset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	beginning	begin	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	forcible	forcible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	incorporation	incorporation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	occupation	occupation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	Nazi	Nazi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	1941	1941	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	re-occupation	re-occupation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	conj	_	_
39	by	by	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Soviets	Soviet	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	1944	1944	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	46	nsubj	_	_
46	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
48	Latvian	latvian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	SSR	SSR	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
50	for	for	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
52	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
53	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	54	nummod	_	_
54	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **interrupt** | past · passive | Nazi Germany | Latvia facto independence |  | the outset of World War |  | in 1941 and the re-occupation; by the Soviets; in 1944 | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | gerund | Nazi Germany *not said here* |  |  | the Soviet Union |  | with forcible incorporation | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with incorporation=Subeventuality |
| 3 | **follow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the invasion and occupation | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by invasion=Location |
| 4 | **form** | past |  | the Latvian SSR |  |  | year | which *nsubj* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ssr=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Latvia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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