---
title: By 1959 about 400,000 Russian settlers arrived and the ethnic Latvia… — Latvia · tree and pragmatics
description: By 1959 about 400,000 Russian settlers arrived and the ethnic Latvian population had fallen to 62%. Who acts: 400,000 Russian settlers, ethnic Latvian population. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Latvia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Latvia, sentence 111

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From Wikipedia, [«Latvia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By 1959 about 400,000 Russian settlers arrived and the ethnic Latvian population had fallen to 62%.

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**Who acts:** 400,000 Russian settlers, ethnic Latvian population · **What happens:** arrive, fall

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Latvia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (400,000 Russian settlers, ethnic Latvian population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Latvia:111
# text = By 1959 about 400,000 Russian settlers arrived and the ethnic Latvian population had fallen to 62%.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1959	1959	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	400,000	400,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	settlers	settler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	Latvian	latvian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	62	62	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | 400,000 Russian settlers |  |  |  |  | by 1959 | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past · perfect | the ethnic Latvian population |  |  |  |  |  | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to %=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Latvia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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