---
title: The borders of historical and cultural regions usually are not expli… — Latvia · tree and pragmatics
description: The borders of historical and cultural regions usually are not explicitly defined and in several sources may vary. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Latvia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Latvia, sentence 247

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From Wikipedia, [«Latvia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The borders of historical and cultural regions usually are not explicitly defined and in several sources may vary.

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**What happens:** not define, vary · **To what, where:** borders, several sources

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Latvia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Latvia:247
# text = The borders of historical and cultural regions usually are not explicitly defined and in several sources may vary.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borders	border	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	explicitly	explicitly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	defined	define	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
17	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	vary	vary	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **define** | present · passive |  | the borders of historical regions |  |  |  | explicitly, usually *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **vary** | may |  |  |  | several sources |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Latvia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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