---
title: The growth momentum has continued into 2012 and 2013 despite deterio… — Latvia · tree and pragmatics
description: The growth momentum has continued into 2012 and 2013 despite deteriorating external conditions, and the economy is expected to expand by 4.1 percent in 2014. Who acts: economy. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Latvia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Latvia, sentence 353

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From Wikipedia, [«Latvia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The growth momentum has continued into 2012 and 2013 despite deteriorating external conditions, and the economy is expected to expand by 4.1 percent in 2014.

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**Who acts:** economy · **What happens:** continue, deteriorate, expect, expand · **To what, where:** growth momentum, 2012, external conditions, economy, 2014

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Latvia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (economy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Latvia:353
# text = The growth momentum has continued into 2012 and 2013 despite deteriorating external conditions, and the economy is expected to expand by 4.1 percent in 2014.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	momentum	momentum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	continued	continue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	2012	2012	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	2013	2013	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	conj	_	_
10	despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	deteriorating	deteriorate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
12	external	external	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	conditions	condition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	expand	expand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	4.1	4.1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **continue** | present · perfect · passive |  | the growth momentum |  | 2012 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **deteriorate** | gerund |  | external conditions |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **expect** | present · passive |  | the economy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **expand** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the economy *not said here* |  |  | 2014 |  | by 4.1 percent | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Latvia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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