---
title: All existing local governments—cities, townships, and a borough—were… — Liberia · tree and pragmatics
description: All existing local governments—cities, townships, and a borough—were created by specific acts of the Liberian government, and thus the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government vary greatly from one to the other. Who acts: specific acts, structure, Liberian government. A sentenc
---

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# Liberia, sentence 273

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From Wikipedia, [«Liberia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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All existing local governments—cities, townships, and a borough—were created by specific acts of the Liberian government, and thus the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government vary greatly from one to the other.

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**Who acts:** specific acts, structure, Liberian government · **What happens:** exist, create, vary, act · **To what, where:** existing local governments

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Liberia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (specific acts, structure, Liberian government), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Liberia:273
# text = All existing local governments—cities, townships, and a borough—were created by specific acts of the Liberian government, and thus the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government vary greatly from one to the other.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
2	existing	exist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
3	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	governments	government	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	townships	township	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	borough	borough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	specific	specific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	Liberian	liberian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
25	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	duties/responsibilities	duties/responsibility	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	33	det	_	_
32	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
34	vary	vary	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	parataxis	_	_
35	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
36	from	from	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	34	obl	_	_
38	to	to	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exist** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **create** | past · passive | specific acts of the Liberian government | all existing local governments |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Result |
| 3 | **vary** | infinitive | the structure and duties/responsibilities of each local government |  |  |  |  | from one to the other; greatly, thus *property* | vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme from one=Co-Theme |
| 4 | **act** |  | the Liberian government |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Liberia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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