---
title: Liberia began in the early 19th century as a project of the American… — Liberia · tree and pragmatics
description: Liberia began in the early 19th century as a project of the American Colonization Society (ACS), which fomented the emigration of Black Americans from the United States to Africa. Who acts: Liberia, American Colonization Society, Black Americans. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Liberia» with its dependen
---

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# Liberia, sentence 6

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From Wikipedia, [«Liberia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Liberia began in the early 19th century as a project of the American Colonization Society (ACS), which fomented the emigration of Black Americans from the United States to Africa.

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**Who acts:** Liberia, American Colonization Society, Black Americans · **What happens:** begin, foment, project, emigrate · **To what, where:** emigration, Africa, United States, American Colonization Society

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Liberia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Liberia, American Colonization Society, Black Americans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Liberia:6
# text = Liberia began in the early 19th century as a project of the American Colonization Society (ACS), which fomented the emigration of Black Americans from the United States to Africa.
1	Liberia	Liberia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	19th	19th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	Colonization	Colonization	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Society	Society	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	ACS	ac	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	fomented	foment	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	emigration	emigration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Black	Black	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Americans	American	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Liberia |  |  |  | century | as a project of the American Colonization Society | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **foment** | past | the American Colonization Society | the emigration of Black Americans | Africa | the United States |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **project** |  |  | the American Colonization Society |  |  |  |  | nom project «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **emigrate** |  | Black Americans |  |  |  |  |  | nom emigration «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Liberia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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