---
title: The United States did not recognize Liberia until 1862, after the So… — Liberia · tree and pragmatics
description: The United States did not recognize Liberia until 1862, after the Southern states, which had strong political power in the American government, declared their secession and the formation of the Confederacy. Who acts: United States, Southern states. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Liberia» with its depend
---

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# Liberia, sentence 82

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From Wikipedia, [«Liberia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The United States did not recognize Liberia until 1862, after the Southern states, which had strong political power in the American government, declared their secession and the formation of the Confederacy.

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**Who acts:** United States, Southern states · **What happens:** not recognize, have, declare · **To what, where:** Liberia, strong political power, American government, secession

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Liberia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (United States, Southern states), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Liberia:82
# text = The United States did not recognize Liberia until 1862, after the Southern states, which had strong political power in the American government, declared their secession and the formation of the Confederacy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	recognize	recognize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	Liberia	Liberia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	until	until	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	1862	1862	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Southern	Southern	PROPN	NNP	_	14	compound	_	_
14	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
18	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	secession	secession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	formation	formation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Confederacy	confederacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **recognize** | past · do-support | the United States | Liberia |  |  | until 1862 | the Southern states *conj* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer liberia=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | past | the Southern states | strong political power |  | the American government |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |
| 3 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | the Southern states *not said here* | States's secession and the formation of the Confederacy |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secession=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Liberia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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