---
title: Birds are less frequent but appear near water sources, and invertebr… — Libya · tree and pragmatics
description: Birds are less frequent but appear near water sources, and invertebrates like scorpions, beetles, and ants form a major part of the ecosystem, often being active at night. Who acts: Birds, ants. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Libya» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libya/318/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Libya](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libya/) / 318

# Libya, sentence 318

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«Libya»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds are less frequent but appear near water sources, and invertebrates like scorpions, beetles, and ants form a major part of the ecosystem, often being active at night.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Birds, ants · **What happens:** be, appear, form · **To what, where:** water sources, major part

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Libya». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Birds, ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Libya:318
# text = Birds are less frequent but appear near water sources, and invertebrates like scorpions, beetles, and ants form a major part of the ecosystem, often being active at night.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	frequent	frequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	near	near	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	invertebrates	invertebrate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	scorpions	scorpion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	beetles	beetle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ecosystem	ecosystem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	often	often	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	30	cop	_	_
30	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
31	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Birds |  |  |  |  | frequent, less *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **appear** | present | Birds *not said here* |  |  | water sources and invertebrates like scorpions and beetles |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near source=Location |
| 3 | **form** | present | ants | a major part of the ecosystem |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location part=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | gerund | Birds *not said here* |  |  |  | night | active, often *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Libya», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 317](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libya/317/)
- next →: [sentence 319](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libya/319/)
- ↑ back to [Libya](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Libya/)