---
title: Liechtenstein's consular representation has been mostly handled by S… — Liechtenstein · tree and pragmatics
description: Liechtenstein's consular representation has been mostly handled by Switzerland since the Customs Treaty with Switzerland of 1923. Who acts: Switzerland, Liechtenstein. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Liechtenstein» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Liechtenstein, sentence 167

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From Wikipedia, [«Liechtenstein»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Liechtenstein's consular representation has been mostly handled by Switzerland since the Customs Treaty with Switzerland of 1923.

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**Who acts:** Switzerland, Liechtenstein · **What happens:** handle, represent · **To what, where:** consular representation

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Liechtenstein». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Switzerland, Liechtenstein), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Liechtenstein:167
# text = Liechtenstein's consular representation has been mostly handled by Switzerland since the Customs Treaty with Switzerland of 1923.
1	Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	consular	consular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	representation	representation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	handled	handle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Switzerland	Switzerland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	since	since	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Customs	Customs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Switzerland	Switzerland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	1923	1923	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **handle** | present · perfect · passive | Switzerland | Liechtenstein's consular representation |  |  | since the Customs Treaty | with Switzerland; of 1923; mostly *property* | vn confront-98 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent subject=Theme with switzerland=Instrument |
| 2 | **represent** |  | Liechtenstein |  |  |  |  |  | nom representation «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Liechtenstein», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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