---
title: Liechtenstein is one of the few countries in Europe (along with Mona… — Liechtenstein · tree and pragmatics
description: Liechtenstein is one of the few countries in Europe (along with Monaco and San Marino) not to have a tax treaty with the United States, and efforts towards one seem to have stalled. Who acts: Liechtenstein, efforts. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Liechtenstein» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Liechtenstein, sentence 221

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From Wikipedia, [«Liechtenstein»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Liechtenstein is one of the few countries in Europe (along with Monaco and San Marino) not to have a tax treaty with the United States, and efforts towards one seem to have stalled.

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**Who acts:** Liechtenstein, efforts · **What happens:** be, not have, seem, stall · **To what, where:** one, tax treaty

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Liechtenstein». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Liechtenstein, efforts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Liechtenstein:221
# text = Liechtenstein is one of the few countries in Europe (along with Monaco and San Marino) not to have a tax treaty with the United States, and efforts towards one seem to have stalled.
1	Liechtenstein	liechtenstein	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Monaco	Monaco	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	San	San	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	Marino	Marino	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	tax	tax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	treaty	treaty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	efforts	effort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
31	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	30	nmod	_	_
33	seem	seem	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
35	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	aux	_	_
36	stalled	stall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	33	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Liechtenstein | one |  |  |  | of the few countries in Europe | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **have** | to-infinitive |  | a tax treaty |  |  |  | with the United States | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treaty=Patient |
| 3 | **seem** | present | efforts towards one |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 4 | **stall** | to-infinitive · perfect | efforts towards one *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn delay-53.3-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Liechtenstein», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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