---
title: The art has since spread to the rest of the Portuguese Speaking world. — Lisbon · tree and pragmatics
description: The art has since spread to the rest of the Portuguese Speaking world. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lisbon» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lisbon, sentence 321

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From Wikipedia, [«Lisbon»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The art has since spread to the rest of the Portuguese Speaking world.

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**What happens:** spread · **To what, where:** art

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lisbon». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lisbon:321
# text = The art has since spread to the rest of the Portuguese Speaking world.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	since	since	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	Portuguese	Portuguese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Speaking	Speaking	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | present · perfect · passive |  | the art |  |  |  | to the rest of the Speaking world; since *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lisbon», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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