---
title: In 2008 the Valley development programme was started aiming to upgra… — Lithuania · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2008 the Valley development programme was started aiming to upgrade scientific research infrastructure and encourage business and science cooperation. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lithuania» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lithuania, sentence 364

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From Wikipedia, [«Lithuania»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2008 the Valley development programme was started aiming to upgrade scientific research infrastructure and encourage business and science cooperation.

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**What happens:** start, aim, upgrade, encourage · **To what, where:** Valley development programme, 2008, scientific research infrastructure, business

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lithuania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lithuania:364
# text = In 2008 the Valley development programme was started aiming to upgrade scientific research infrastructure and encourage business and science cooperation.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2008	2008	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	Valley	Valley	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	programme	programme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	started	start	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	aiming	aim	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	upgrade	upgrade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	scientific	scientific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	research	research	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	encourage	encourage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	cooperation	cooperation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past · passive |  | the Valley development programme |  | 2008 |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **aim** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **upgrade** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | scientific research infrastructure |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infrastructure=Theme |
| 4 | **encourage** | infinitive |  | business and science cooperation |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent business=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lithuania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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