---
title: Functional urban areas include Vilnius (population 708,203), Kaunas… — Lithuania · tree and pragmatics
description: Functional urban areas include Vilnius (population 708,203), Kaunas (population 391,153), and Panevėžys (population 124,526). Who acts: Functional urban areas. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lithuania» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lithuania, sentence 480

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From Wikipedia, [«Lithuania»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Functional urban areas include Vilnius (population 708,203), Kaunas (population 391,153), and Panevėžys (population 124,526).

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**Who acts:** Functional urban areas · **What happens:** include · **To what, where:** Vilnius

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lithuania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Functional urban areas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lithuania:480
# text = Functional urban areas include Vilnius (population 708,203), Kaunas (population 391,153), and Panevėžys (population 124,526).
1	Functional	functional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Vilnius	Vilnius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	708,203	708,203	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	Kaunas	Kaunas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
14	391,153	391,153	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	Panevėžys	Panevėžys	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
19	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
21	124,526	124,526	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Functional urban areas | Vilnius and Kaunas |  |  |  | Panevėžys population *obl* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vilnius=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lithuania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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