---
title: Living in Ljubljana had a profound impact on his work; he considered… — Ljubljana · tree and pragmatics
description: Living in Ljubljana had a profound impact on his work; he considered Ljubljana the capital of all Slovenes, not only because of its central position in the heart of the Slovene lands, but also because it always had an essentially Slovene character. Who acts: Living, Ljubljana, position. A sentence o
---

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# Ljubljana, sentence 241

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From Wikipedia, [«Ljubljana»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljubljana), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Living in Ljubljana had a profound impact on his work; he considered Ljubljana the capital of all Slovenes, not only because of its central position in the heart of the Slovene lands, but also because it always had an essentially Slovene character.

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**Who acts:** Living, Ljubljana, position · **What happens:** live, have, consider, work · **To what, where:** Ljubljana, profound impact, work, Slovene character

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ljubljana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Living, Ljubljana, position), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ljubljana:241
# text = Living in Ljubljana had a profound impact on his work; he considered Ljubljana the capital of all Slovenes, not only because of its central position in the heart of the Slovene lands, but also because it always had an essentially Slovene character.
1	Living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Ljubljana	Ljubljana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	profound	profound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	impact	impact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	considered	consider	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	Ljubljana	Ljubljana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
19	Slovenes	slovene	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
22	only	only	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
23	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	27	case	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	fixed	_	_
25	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
26	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	Slovene	Slovene	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
36	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
37	also	also	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
38	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
39	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
40	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	41	advmod	_	_
41	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
42	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
43	essentially	essentially	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
44	Slovene	slovene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	compound	_	_
45	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | gerund |  |  |  | Ljubljana |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in ljubljana=Location |
| 2 | **have** | past | Living | a profound impact |  | Ljubljana's work |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent impact=Patient |
| 3 | **consider** | past | Ljubljana | Ljubljana |  |  |  | the capital of all Slovenes *xcomp* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent ljubljana=Attribute |
| 4 | **have** | past | position | a Slovene character |  |  |  | always *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent character=Patient |
| 5 | **work** |  | Ljubljana |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ljubljana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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