---
title: The London metropolitan area is the third-most-populous in Europe, w… — London · tree and pragmatics
description: The London metropolitan area is the third-most-populous in Europe, with about 15 million inhabitants as of 2025, making London a megacity. Who acts: London metropolitan area. A sentence of Wikipedia's «London» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# London, sentence 17

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From Wikipedia, [«London»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The London metropolitan area is the third-most-populous in Europe, with about 15 million inhabitants as of 2025, making London a megacity.

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**Who acts:** London metropolitan area · **What happens:** be, make · **To what, where:** third populous, Europe, megacity, London

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «London». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (London metropolitan area), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:London:17
# text = The London metropolitan area is the third-most-populous in Europe, with about 15 million inhabitants as of 2025, making London a megacity.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	populous	populace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	about	about	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	compound	_	_
18	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	22	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	2025	2025	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	conj	_	_
25	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	megacity	megacity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the London metropolitan area | the third populous and million inhabitants as 2025 |  | Europe |  | million inhabitants as 2025 *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | the London metropolitan area *not said here* | a megacity | London |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset london=Beneficiary megacity=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «London», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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