---
title: It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners. — London · tree and pragmatics
description: It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners. Who acts: upper class. A sentence of Wikipedia's «London» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# London, sentence 252

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From Wikipedia, [«London»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners.

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**Who acts:** upper class · **What happens:** speak · **To what, where:** Pronunciation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «London». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (upper class), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:London:252
# text = It is mainly spoken by upper-class and upper-middle class Londoners.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	middle	middle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	Londoners	Londoner	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive | upper class and upper middle class  Londoners | Pronunciation |  |  |  | mainly *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «London», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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