---
title: Several thousand Africans migrated to the city in search of construc… — Lusaka · tree and pragmatics
description: Several thousand Africans migrated to the city in search of construction work, but none was available, leading to large-scale poverty, hunger, and rioting. Who acts: Africans, none. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lusaka» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lusaka, sentence 52

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From Wikipedia, [«Lusaka»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusaka), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Several thousand Africans migrated to the city in search of construction work, but none was available, leading to large-scale poverty, hunger, and rioting.

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**Who acts:** Africans, none · **What happens:** migrate, be, lead, riot, search · **To what, where:** Several thousand, construction work

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lusaka». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Africans, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lusaka:52
# text = Several thousand Africans migrated to the city in search of construction work, but none was available, leading to large-scale poverty, hunger, and rioting.
1	Several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
3	Africans	African	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	migrated	migrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	search	search	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	available	available	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	scale	scale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	poverty	poverty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	hunger	hunger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	rioting	riot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **migrate** | past | Africans | Several thousand |  |  |  | to the city in search of construction work | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | none |  |  |  |  | available *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lead** | gerund | none *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to scale poverty and hunger | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to poverty=Patient |
| 4 | **riot** | gerund | none *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **search** |  |  | construction work |  |  |  |  | nom search «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lusaka», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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