---
title: The loan taken to cover the project's £400,000 budget was guaranteed… — Lusaka · tree and pragmatics
description: The loan taken to cover the project's £400,000 budget was guaranteed by the Beit Trust, but there was no scope for additional infrastructure to be built. Who acts: Beit Trust, scope, project. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lusaka» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lusaka, sentence 74

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From Wikipedia, [«Lusaka»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusaka), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The loan taken to cover the project's £400,000 budget was guaranteed by the Beit Trust, but there was no scope for additional infrastructure to be built.

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**Who acts:** Beit Trust, scope, project · **What happens:** take, cover, guarantee, be, build, budget · **To what, where:** loan, £ budget

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lusaka». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beit Trust, scope, project), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lusaka:74
# text = The loan taken to cover the project's £400,000 budget was guaranteed by the Beit Trust, but there was no scope for additional infrastructure to be built.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	£	£	SYM	$	_	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	400,000	400,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
11	budget	budget	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	guaranteed	guarantee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Beit	Beit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	Trust	Trust	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
22	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	23	det	_	_
23	scope	scope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	additional	additional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | participle |  | the loan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cover** | to-infinitive |  | the project's £ budget |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme budget=Destination |
| 3 | **guarantee** | past · passive | the Beit Trust | the loan |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | past | no scope for additional infrastructure |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **build** | to-infinitive · passive | no scope for additional infrastructure *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V» |
| 6 | **budget** |  | the project |  |  |  |  |  | nom budget «possession intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lusaka», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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