---
title: As discontent with federation rose, a new group of African leaders e… — Lusaka · tree and pragmatics
description: As discontent with federation rose, a new group of African leaders emerged in the late 1950s, seeking majority rule and independence for Northern Rhodesia, as had recently been attained in Ghana. Who acts: new group. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Lusaka» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Lusaka, sentence 98

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From Wikipedia, [«Lusaka»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusaka), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As discontent with federation rose, a new group of African leaders emerged in the late 1950s, seeking majority rule and independence for Northern Rhodesia, as had recently been attained in Ghana.

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**Who acts:** new group · **What happens:** emerge, seek, have, attain · **To what, where:** late 1950s, majority rule, Ghana

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Lusaka». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new group), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Lusaka:98
# text = As discontent with federation rose, a new group of African leaders emerged in the late 1950s, seeking majority rule and independence for Northern Rhodesia, as had recently been attained in Ghana.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	discontent	discontent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	federation	federation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rose	rose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	emerged	emerge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	1950s	1950	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	seeking	seek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
20	majority	majority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Rhodesia	Rhodesia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	parataxis	_	_
30	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	attained	attain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Ghana	Ghana	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **emerge** | past | a new group of African leaders |  |  | the late 1950s |  | as discontent with federation rose | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 1950=Location |
| 2 | **seek** | gerund | a new group of African leaders *not said here* | majority rule and independence |  |  |  | for Northern Rhodesia | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent rule=Location for rhodesia=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | recently *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **attain** | participle · passive | a new group of African leaders *not said here* |  |  | Ghana |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Lusaka», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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