---
title: But since 1919, sovereignty has resided with the nation, exercised b… — Luxembourg · tree and pragmatics
description: But since 1919, sovereignty has resided with the nation, exercised by the grand duke in accordance with the Constitution and the law. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Luxembourg» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Luxembourg, sentence 164

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From Wikipedia, [«Luxembourg»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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But since 1919, sovereignty has resided with the nation, exercised by the grand duke in accordance with the Constitution and the law.

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**What happens:** reside, exercise · **To what, where:** 1919 sovereignty, nation

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Luxembourg». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Luxembourg:164
# text = But since 1919, sovereignty has resided with the nation, exercised by the grand duke in accordance with the Constitution and the law.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	since	since	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	1919	1919	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	resided	reside	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	exercised	exercise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	duke	duke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	accordance	accordance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Constitution	Constitution	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reside** | present · perfect · passive |  | 1919 sovereignty |  |  |  | with the nation | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: subject=Location |
| 2 | **exercise** | participle |  | the nation *not said here* |  |  |  | by the grand duke in accordance with the Constitution and the law | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Luxembourg», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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