---
title: The professional head of the army is the Chief of Defence, who answe… — Luxembourg · tree and pragmatics
description: The professional head of the army is the Chief of Defence, who answers to the minister and holds the rank of general. Who acts: professional head, Chief. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Luxembourg» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Luxembourg, sentence 184

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From Wikipedia, [«Luxembourg»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The professional head of the army is the Chief of Defence, who answers to the minister and holds the rank of general.

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**Who acts:** professional head, Chief · **What happens:** be, answer, hold · **To what, where:** Chief, rank

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Luxembourg». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (professional head, Chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Luxembourg:184
# text = The professional head of the army is the Chief of Defence, who answers to the minister and holds the rank of general.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	professional	professional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Defence	Defence	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	answers	answer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the professional head of the army | the Chief |  |  |  | of Defence | tree rules |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | present | the Chief |  |  |  |  | to the minister | vn subordinate-95.2.1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to minister=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **hold** | present | the Chief *not said here* | the rank of general |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rank=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Luxembourg», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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