---
title: Luxembourg's culture, people, and languages are greatly influenced b… — Luxembourg · tree and pragmatics
description: Luxembourg's culture, people, and languages are greatly influenced by France and Germany: Luxembourgish, a Germanic language, is the only recognized national language of the Luxembourgish people and of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; French is the sole language for legislation; and both languages alo
---

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# Luxembourg, sentence 5

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From Wikipedia, [«Luxembourg»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Luxembourg's culture, people, and languages are greatly influenced by France and Germany: Luxembourgish, a Germanic language, is the only recognized national language of the Luxembourgish people and of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; French is the sole language for legislation; and both languages along with German are used for administrative matters.

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**Who acts:** France, culture, French, sole language · **What happens:** influence, recognize, be, use · **To what, where:** languages, only recognized national language, sole language

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Luxembourg». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (France, culture, French, sole language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Luxembourg:5
# text = Luxembourg's culture, people, and languages are greatly influenced by France and Germany: Luxembourgish, a Germanic language, is the only recognized national language of the Luxembourgish people and of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; French is the sole language for legislation; and both languages along with German are used for administrative matters.
1	Luxembourg	Luxembourg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	influenced	influence	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Germany	Germany	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Luxembourgish	Luxembourgish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	Germanic	germanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
25	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
26	recognized	recognize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	amod	_	_
27	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	Luxembourgish	Luxembourgish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	Grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	Duchy	Duchy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Luxembourg	Luxembourg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
41	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
42	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	sole	sole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	_
46	for	for	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	legislation	legislation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
50	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	51	det	_	_
51	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	nsubj:pass	_	_
52	along	along	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	with	with	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	German	German	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	nmod	_	_
55	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	56	aux:pass	_	_
56	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	45	acl	_	_
57	for	for	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	administrative	administrative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	matters	matter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	56	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	28	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **influence** | present · passive | France and Germany and Luxembourgish | languages |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **recognize** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Luxembourg's culture and people | the only recognized national language and the sole language |  |  |  | of the Luxembourgish people of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | French | the sole language |  |  |  | for legislation | tree rules |
| 5 | **use** | present · passive | the sole language *not said here* | both languages along German |  |  |  | for administrative matters | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for matter=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Luxembourg», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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