--- title: Mid-2021 marked the beginning of the 2021–2022 Madagascar famine, wh… — Madagascar · tree and pragmatics description: Mid-2021 marked the beginning of the 2021–2022 Madagascar famine, which, due to a severe drought, caused hundreds of thousands of people to face food insecurity and leaving over one million on the verge of famine. Who acts: Mid-2021, hundreds. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Madagascar» with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/212/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Madagascar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/) / 212 # Madagascar, sentence 212 From Wikipedia, [«Madagascar»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascar), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Mid-2021 marked the beginning of the 2021–2022 Madagascar famine, which, due to a severe drought, caused hundreds of thousands of people to face food insecurity and leaving over one million on the verge of famine. **Who acts:** Mid-2021, hundreds · **What happens:** mark, cause, face, leave over, begin · **To what, where:** beginning, hundreds, food insecurity, one million, verge, 2021 Madagascar famine This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Madagascar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mid-2021, hundreds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Madagascar:212 # text = Mid-2021 marked the beginning of the 2021–2022 Madagascar famine, which, due to a severe drought, caused hundreds of thousands of people to face food insecurity and leaving over one million on the verge of famine. 1 Mid-2021 Mid-2021 PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 marked mark VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 beginning beginning NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 7 2021 2021 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 8 – – SYM SYM ExtPos=ADP 9 case _ SpaceAfter=No 9 2022 2022 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nmod _ _ 10 Madagascar Madagascar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 13 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 15 due due ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 19 case _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 15 fixed _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 severe severe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 drought drought NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 22 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 face face VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 29 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 insecurity insecurity NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 28 advcl _ _ 33 over over ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 34 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 compound _ _ 35 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 obj _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 verge verge NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mark** | past | Mid-2021 | the beginning of the 2021 Madagascar famine and a severe drought the 2021 Madagascar famine and a severe drought | | | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent beginning=Destination | | 2 | **cause** | past | Mid-2021 *not said here* | hundreds of thousands of people | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **face** | to-infinitive | hundreds of thousands of people *not said here* | food insecurity | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme insecurity=Destination | | 4 | **leave over** | gerund | hundreds of thousands of people *not said here* | one million | | the verge of famine | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent million=Theme on verge=Location | | 5 | **begin** | | | the 2021 Madagascar famine and a severe drought the 2021 Madagascar famine and a severe drought the 2021 Madagascar famine | | | | | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Madagascar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 211](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/211/) - next →: [sentence 213](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/213/) - ↑ back to [Madagascar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Madagascar/)