---
title: Whereas the use of Arabic script and loan words and the adoption of… — Madagascar · tree and pragmatics
description: Whereas the use of Arabic script and loan words and the adoption of Islamic astrology would spread across the island, Islam took hold in only a handful of Southeastern Coastal communities. Who acts: Islamic astrology, Islam. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Madagascar» with its dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Madagascar, sentence 452

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From Wikipedia, [«Madagascar»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascar), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Whereas the use of Arabic script and loan words and the adoption of Islamic astrology would spread across the island, Islam took hold in only a handful of Southeastern Coastal communities.

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**Who acts:** Islamic astrology, Islam · **What happens:** spread, take, hold in, use · **To what, where:** adoption, island, handful, Arabic script

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Madagascar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Islamic astrology, Islam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Madagascar:452
# text = Whereas the use of Arabic script and loan words and the adoption of Islamic astrology would spread across the island, Islam took hold in only a handful of Southeastern Coastal communities.
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	script	script	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	loan	loan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	adoption	adoption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
13	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	Islamic	Islamic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	astrology	astrology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl	_	_
18	across	across	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
22	Islam	Islam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	ccomp	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	only	only	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	handful	handful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	Southeastern	southeastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	Coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	communities	community	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | would | Islamic astrology | the adoption *not said here* |  | the island |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location adoption=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | past | Islam |  |  |  |  | whereas the use of Arabic script and loan words and the adoption | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 3 | **hold in** | present | Islam *not said here* | a handful of Southeastern Coastal communities |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handful=Theme |
| 4 | **use** |  |  | Arabic script and loan words and the adoption |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Madagascar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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