---
title: Madrid is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), after… — Madrid · tree and pragmatics
description: Madrid is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), after Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the second-largest in the EU, after Paris. Who acts: Madrid, metropolitan area. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Madrid» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Madrid, sentence 3

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From Wikipedia, [«Madrid»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Madrid is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), after Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the second-largest in the EU, after Paris.

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**Who acts:** Madrid, metropolitan area · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** second largest city, European Union, EU

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Madrid». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Madrid, metropolitan area), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Madrid:3
# text = Madrid is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), after Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the second-largest in the EU, after Paris.
1	Madrid	Madrid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	European	European	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Union	Union	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	EU	EU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	after	after	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Berlin	Berlin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
20	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	EU	EU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	after	after	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Madrid | the second largest city |  | the European Union | after Berlin |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | city's metropolitan area |  |  | the EU | after Paris | large *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Madrid», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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