---
title: The Spratly Islands are disputed by many states in the area, and a l… — Malaysia · tree and pragmatics
description: The Spratly Islands are disputed by many states in the area, and a large portion of the South China Sea is claimed by China. Who acts: many states, China. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Malaysia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Malaysia, sentence 191

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From Wikipedia, [«Malaysia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Spratly Islands are disputed by many states in the area, and a large portion of the South China Sea is claimed by China.

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**Who acts:** many states, China · **What happens:** dispute, claim · **To what, where:** Spratly Islands, area, large portion

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Malaysia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many states, China), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Malaysia:191
# text = The Spratly Islands are disputed by many states in the area, and a large portion of the South China Sea is claimed by China.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Spratly	Spratly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Islands	Island	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	disputed	dispute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
19	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	claimed	claim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dispute** | present · passive | many states | the Spratly Islands |  | the area |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **claim** *speech: other* | present · passive | China | a large portion of the South China Sea |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Malaysia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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- ← previous: [sentence 190](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Malaysia/190/)
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