---
title: The largest group of bumiputera are Malays, who are defined in the c… — Malaysia · tree and pragmatics
description: The largest group of bumiputera are Malays, who are defined in the constitution as Muslims who practise Malay customs and culture. Who acts: largest group, Muslims. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Malaysia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Malaysia, sentence 338

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From Wikipedia, [«Malaysia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The largest group of bumiputera are Malays, who are defined in the constitution as Muslims who practise Malay customs and culture.

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**Who acts:** largest group, Muslims · **What happens:** be, define, practise · **To what, where:** Malays, constitution, Malay customs

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Malaysia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (largest group, Muslims), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Malaysia:338
# text = The largest group of bumiputera are Malays, who are defined in the constitution as Muslims who practise Malay customs and culture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bumiputera	bumiputera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Malays	malay	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	defined	define	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	constitution	constitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Muslims	Muslim	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	practise	practise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	Malay	Malay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	customs	custom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the largest group of bumiputera | Malays |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **define** | present · passive |  | Malays |  | the constitution as Muslims |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **practise** | present | Muslims | Malay customs and culture |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Malaysia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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