---
title: At the same time, the 13 national languages, namely Bambara, Bobo, B… — Mali · tree and pragmatics
description: At the same time, the 13 national languages, namely Bambara, Bobo, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Hassaniya Arabic, Kassonke, Maninke, Minyanka, Senufo, the Songhai, Soninke and Tamasheq, became official languages. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Mali» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Mali, sentence 391

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From Wikipedia, [«Mali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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At the same time, the 13 national languages, namely Bambara, Bobo, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Hassaniya Arabic, Kassonke, Maninke, Minyanka, Senufo, the Songhai, Soninke and Tamasheq, became official languages.

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**What happens:** become · **To what, where:** official languages

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Mali:391
# text = At the same time, the 13 national languages, namely Bambara, Bobo, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Hassaniya Arabic, Kassonke, Maninke, Minyanka, Senufo, the Songhai, Soninke and Tamasheq, became official languages.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	13	13	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	namely	namely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Bambara	Bambara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Bobo	Bobo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Bozo	Bozo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Dogon	Dogon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	Fula	Fula	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	Hassaniya	Hassaniya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Kassonke	Kassonke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Maninke	Maninke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	Minyanka	Minyanka	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	Senufo	Senufo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Songhai	Songhai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
36	Soninke	Soninke	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	Tamasheq	Tamasheq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
40	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
41	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	40	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past |  | official languages |  |  | time |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Mali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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