---
title: The Mali Empire formed on the upper Niger River and reached its heig… — Mali · tree and pragmatics
description: The Mali Empire formed on the upper Niger River and reached its height of power in the 14th century. Who acts: Mali Empire. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Mali» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Mali, sentence 47

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From Wikipedia, [«Mali»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Mali Empire formed on the upper Niger River and reached its height of power in the 14th century.

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**Who acts:** Mali Empire · **What happens:** form, reach · **To what, where:** upper Niger River, height

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Mali». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mali Empire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Mali:47
# text = The Mali Empire formed on the upper Niger River and reached its height of power in the 14th century.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Mali	Mali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Niger	Niger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	14th	14th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | past | the Mali Empire |  |  | the upper Niger River |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on river=Location |
| 2 | **reach** | past | the Mali Empire *not said here* | downfall's height of power |  |  | century |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent height=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Mali», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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