---
title: Due to British colonial rule, traffic in Malta drives on the left. — Malta · tree and pragmatics
description: Due to British colonial rule, traffic in Malta drives on the left. Who acts: traffic. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Malta» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Malta, sentence 247

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From Wikipedia, [«Malta»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Due to British colonial rule, traffic in Malta drives on the left.

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**Who acts:** traffic · **What happens:** drive · **To what, where:** left

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Malta». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traffic), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Malta:247
# text = Due to British colonial rule, traffic in Malta drives on the left.
1	Due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	colonial	colonial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Malta	Malta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	drives	drive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present | traffic in Malta |  |  | the left |  | due British colonial rule | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Malta», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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