---
title: Many tracks previously laid in the pre-oil era (prior to the 1930s)… — Manama · tree and pragmatics
description: Many tracks previously laid in the pre-oil era (prior to the 1930s) were resurfaced and widened, turning them into 'road arteries'. Who acts: Many tracks. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Manama» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Manama, sentence 146

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From Wikipedia, [«Manama»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manama), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Many tracks previously laid in the pre-oil era (prior to the 1930s) were resurfaced and widened, turning them into 'road arteries'.

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**Who acts:** Many tracks · **What happens:** lay, resurface, widen, turn · **To what, where:** pre-oil era, tracks, road arteries

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Manama». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many tracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Manama:146
# text = Many tracks previously laid in the pre-oil era (prior to the 1930s) were resurfaced and widened, turning them into 'road arteries'.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tracks	track	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	previously	previously	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	pre-oil	pre-oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	era	era	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	mark	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	1930s	1930	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	resurfaced	resurface	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	widened	widen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	into	into	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	arteries	artery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | Many tracks |  |  | the pre-oil era |  | previously *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in era=Destination |
| 2 | **resurface** | past · passive |  | the pre-oil era *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **widen** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **turn** | gerund | Many tracks *not said here* | tracks *= track* |  | road arteries |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent they=Theme into artery=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Manama», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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