---
title: Every time we walk through the streets of Manila, we are treading up… — Manila · tree and pragmatics
description: Every time we walk through the streets of Manila, we are treading upon the dust of several different cities that have flourished and perished on this same site. Who acts: we, several different cities. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Manila» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Manila, sentence 121

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From Wikipedia, [«Manila»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Every time we walk through the streets of Manila, we are treading upon the dust of several different cities that have flourished and perished on this same site.

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**Who acts:** we, several different cities · **What happens:** walk, tread, flourish, perish · **To what, where:** streets, dust, same site

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Manila». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, several different cities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Manila:121
# text = Every time we walk through the streets of Manila, we are treading upon the dust of several different cities that have flourished and perished on this same site.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Manila	Manila	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	treading	tread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
14	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	flourished	flourish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	acl:relcl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	23	conj	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	29	det	_	_
28	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | we |  |  | the streets of Manila | time |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through street=Trajectory |
| 2 | **tread** | present · progressive | we |  |  | the dust of several different cities |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon dust=Trajectory |
| 3 | **flourish** | present · perfect | several different cities |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **perish** | participle | several different cities *not said here* |  |  | this same site |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Manila», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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