---
title: This is a popular means of transportation because it is low-cost – r… — Manila · tree and pragmatics
description: This is a popular means of transportation because it is low-cost – roughly ₱10 or US$. Who acts: This, popular, transportation. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Manila» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Manila, sentence 554

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From Wikipedia, [«Manila»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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This is a popular means of transportation because it is low-cost – roughly ₱10 or US$.

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**Who acts:** This, popular, transportation · **What happens:** be, mean · **To what, where:** low cost

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Manila». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, popular, transportation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Manila:554
# text = This is a popular means of transportation because it is low-cost – roughly ₱10 or US$.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	transportation	transportation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	cost	cost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
14	–	-	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	roughly	roughly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	₱	₱	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	flat	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	$	$	SYM	$	_	19	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | This |  |  |  |  | popular *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | a popular |  |  |  |  | of transportation | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | transportation | low cost |  |  |  | US *nmod*; ₱ *appos* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Manila», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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